Cabanga ifoni yakho ikhala futhi idlidliza ngokungalindelekile ngomyalezo ocacile wesaziso, noma ngabe ivuliwe ithule . Akuyona into eyenzekile noma iphutha: ukusakaza ngeselula, ubuchwepheshe obushintshe indlela abantu abaziswa ngayo ezimweni eziphuthumayo.
Ezweni elixhumeke kakhulu, lapho ulwazi luhamba ngesivinini sokukhanya, lunezinhlelo ezithembekile, ezisheshayo, nezingenaphutha ukwazisa zonke izakhamuzi ngezinhlekelele, izinsongo zesimo sezulu, noma izimo ezibucayi kubalulekile. Yilapho ukusakazwa kweselula kuqala khona ukudlala. Ngezansi, ngichaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi isebenza kanjani, ukuhambisana kwayo, imithethonqubo, izicelo zamazwe ngamazwe, nokuthi yini ongayilindela kulolu hlelo uma uhlala eSpain nanoma yiliphi elinye izwe lapho isivele isetshenziswe khona.
Kuyini Ukusakazwa Kweselula? Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bokuphepha okuhlangene
I-Cell Broadcast iyisevisi evumela imiyalezo yokuxwayisa ukuthi ithunyelwe ngasikhathi sinye ezinkulungwaneni noma ezigidini zamafoni atholakala ezindaweni ezithile zezwe, kusetshenziswa inethiwekhi yeselula. Ngamanye amazwi, esikhundleni sokuthumela i-SMS ekhomba iphuzu, njengasemibhalweni evamile, i-Cell Broadcast ivumela ulwazi olufanayo ukuthi luthunyelwe kusuka embhoshongweni weseli owodwa kuya kuzo zonke izingcingo ezisebenzayo nezihambisanayo ezixhunywe kuleyo seli, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inkampani noma ikhadi le-SIM liyini.
Abasebenzisi akudingeki babhalise noma banikeze idatha yomuntu siqu ; ukumane nje uvule ifoni yabo ephathekayo futhi ingaphakathi kwenethiwekhi kwanele. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ubumfihlo bendawo kanye nedatha yomsebenzisi , njengoba izexwayiso zikhishwa kuphela ezindaweni ezichazwe yiziphathimandla kanye nenethiwekhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlelo aluxhomekile ekuminyaneni kwenethiwekhi: ngisho nangezikhathi zethrafikhi ephezulu, imiyalezo ihanjiswa ngaphandle kwenkinga.
Isebenza kanjani isistimu yokusakaza ngamaselula?
Le nqubo, nakuba ibonakala ilula, ihilela ukwakheka kobuchwepheshe obuqinile kanye nezinqubo ezijwayelekile. Empeleni, lapho igunya lithola isimo esidinga ukuxhumana okusheshayo nomphakathi (isibonelo, ukuzamazama komhlaba, isikhukhula, ukuhlaselwa, noma isexwayiso sempilo), lisebenzisa inqubo yokudlulisa isexwayiso ngohlelo lwe-Cell Broadcast.
- Ukutholwa nokukhiqizwa kwesixwayiso: Umzimba ogunyaziwe (Ukuvikelwa Komphakathi, abezimo eziphuthumayo, noma abanye) uhlonza isimo esiphuthumayo bese ubhala umlayezo ngeziqondiso ezinembile.
- Ukudluliselwa ku-opharetha: Umlayezo ufakwa ohlelweni lwekhompiyutha olumaphakathi (Inhlangano Yokusakaza Yeseli noma inkundla efanayo), lapho indawo yendawo kanye nesiteshi sokusakaza (isibonelo, isiteshi esingu-4383 sesexwayiso e-Spain noma isiteshi 4370 sezaziso Zokuvikela Umphakathi) sikhethwa, futhi sithunyelwa kuma-opharetha eselula nge-Cell Broadcast Center (CBC).
- Ukusabalalisa: I-CBC yomsebenzisi ngamunye yenza kusebenze ukusakazwa kwezimpondo ezimboze indawo ethintekile. I-antenna ngayinye ithumela isixwayiso kuwo wonke amadivaysi asebenzayo ngaphakathi kwendawo yayo.
- Ukwamukela nokusebenzisana: Wonke amafoni aphathekayo ahambisanayo nanamandla kuleyo ndawo abonisa ngokushesha umlayezo we-pop-up, ohambisana nomsindo ohlukile nokudlidliza, ngaphandle kwamamodi athule noma "Ungaphazamisi". Ukuqinisekisa komsebenzisi kuyadingeka ukuze kucashiswe isixwayiso futhi ufinyelele ifoni.
Ezinye izinhlelo ziphinda lesi saziso nge-SMS yendabuko ukuqinisekisa ukusabalala okubanzi, ikakhulukazi kumafoni amadala. Kunoma ikuphi, imiyalezo ye-Cell Broadcast ibaluleke kakhulu futhi ivame ukufika ngemizuzwana embalwa nje.
Ukuhambisana Nezimfuneko: Ubani ongathola lezi zaziso?
Cishe wonke ama-smartphone anamuhla, kokubili i-Android ne-iOS, anikwe amandla okwamukela i-Cell Broadcast ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ezimweni eziningi, abasebenzisi akudingeki benze lutho, yize kumadivayisi amadala noma izinguqulo zangaphambilini ze-Android, kungadingeka ukuthi kusebenze isici kuzilungiselelo noma kuthintane nomthwali, njengoba kuchaziwe kulesi sifundo sokusetha ukutholwa okuphuthumayo okuzenzakalelayo ku-Android . Ukuhambisana kuhlanganisa amanethiwekhi kusukela ku-2G kuya ku-5G, okuqinisekisa ukuthi cishe bonke abantu bangathola imiyalezo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungalungiselela ulimi lwezaziso : eSpain, isibonelo, izexwayiso zithunyelwa ngesiSpanishi, ulimi olusemthethweni lwesifunda, futhi, uma zikhethiwe, ngezilimi zesibili ngokuya ngezilungiselelo zomsebenzisi (isiNgisi, njll.).
Izici zobuchwepheshe kanye nesipiliyoni somsebenzisi
Ukuthola isexwayiso Sokusakazwa Kweselula kuyabonakala kakhulu:
- Umlayezo ugcwalisa isikrini sonke njenge-pop-up, uvimbele eminye imisebenzi kuze kuqinisekiswe ukufunda.
- Kudlalwa umsindo othile wokuqwashisa (ukulandelana kwamathoni amade namafushane, namafrikhwensi anqunywe kusengaphambili), okwenziwa kusebenze noma ngabe iselula ithule.
- Itheminali idlidliza ngephethini efana nomsindo, iqinisekisa ukuthi abantu abakhubazekile bayasibona isimo esiphuthumayo.
- Kumatheminali athuthukile, umlayezo ungafundwa ngezwi uma idivayisi ilungiselelwe ukwenza kanjalo.
Uma ifoni icishiwe noma ingasatholakali , umlayezo ngeke wamukelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kodwa-ke, uma ifoni ivuliwe endaweni futhi isexwayiso sisasebenza, sizoboniswa ngokushesha.
Ukusakazwa Kweselula kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlelo zokuxwayisa
Ukusakaza ngeselula kunikeza izinzuzo ezicacile kunezindlela zendabuko ezifana nama-siren, umsakazo, noma i-TV :
- Akuncikile kwingqalasizinda kagesi yasemadolobheni eyinkimbinkimbi, noma ekutheni umsebenzisi ubukele umabonakude noma unomsakazo eduze.
- Akuthintwa ukugcwala kwenethiwekhi, okubalulekile ezimweni eziphuthumayo ezinkulu.
- Ayidingi ukubhaliswa, futhi ayiqoqi imininingwane eyimfihlo.
- Ikuvumela ukuthi wenze umlayezo ube ngokwakho ngokuya ngesimo esithile noma indawo engcuphe.
- Ihlanganisa izindawo zasemadolobheni nezasemakhaya, inqobo nje uma kunomakhalekhukhwini omncane.
Kodwa-ke, ayithathi indawo ngokuphelele yezinhlelo ezifana nezinhlelo zekheli lomphakathi noma izinhlabamkhosi ezindaweni ezithile zezimboni noma zenuzi, kodwa kunalokho iyazanelisa. Umqondo uwukuba nenethiwekhi yesixwayiso engasebenzi kahle nephumelelayo.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi Kokusakazwa Kweselula
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko:
- Ukufinyelela okukhulu futhi cishe ngokushesha.
- Ukuhambisana okuphezulu kakhulu nomakhalekhukhwini abaningi kanye nama-opharetha.
- Akukho ukuncika ku-inthanethi noma kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.
- Ukuthobela ngokuqinile ubumfihlo kanye nemithetho yokuvikela idatha yase-Europe (GDPR).
- Kufinyeleleka kubantu abakhubazekile ngenxa yezimpawu zokuzwa nokudlidliza.
- Ivumela ukusakaza ngezilimi eziningi.
Okubi noma imikhawulo:
- Akuwona wonke amadivayisi amadala ayisekela ngokugcwele.
- Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu kunethiwekhi yocingo (isibonelo, ngemva kwenhlekelele yemvelo eyedlulele), isistimu ingase ingasebenzi okwesikhashana.
- Ingakhutshazwa mathupha kwamanye amamodeli, nakuba ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi izaziso ngokuvamile zisafika.
Ukulawulwa nokuqaliswa emazweni ahlukene: Ukusuka e-EU kuya eLatin America
I-European Union yayala ukuthi wonke amazwe angamalungu asebenzise izinhlelo zokuxwayisa umphakathi ezisekelwe kufoni yeselula , njengoba kuchaziwe ku -Directive 2018/1972 . ESpain, lokhu kwaholela ekudalweni kwe-ES-Alert, ngaphakathi kwe-National Alert Network (RAN), evumela ukuthunyelwa kwemiyalezo engenziwa ngezifiso kunoma iyiphi indawo ezweni, kuhambisana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke kanye nemithetho yaseYurophu. Kukhona futhi uhlelo lwe-EU-Alert, oluhambisana nezidingo ezithile zezwe ngalinye.
Amanye amazwe angamavulandlela ekwamukelweni Kokusakazwa Kweselula:
- United States: Uhlelo lwe-WEA (Izaziso Eziphuthumayo Ezingenantambo), oluthuthuke kakhulu futhi lusetshenziselwa izinsongo zesimo sezulu, Izaziso ze-Amber, nezimo zokuphepha zikazwelonke.
- I-Japan: Isetshenziselwa kakhulu izixwayiso zokuzamazama komhlaba ne-tsunami, eyaziwa ngokwethembeka kwakho.
- I-Netherlands, Germany, France, Greece: Ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi kohlaka lwaseYurophu.
- I-Australia ne-New Zealand: Ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo ukwazisa izinhlekelele zemvelo.
- I-Chile ne-Peru: Basebenzisa i-Cell Broadcast ngezexwayiso zokuzamazama komhlaba nezesimo sezulu, bahlanganise ubuchwepheshe ezinhlelweni zabo zokulawula izimo eziphuthumayo zikazwelonke (ezifana ne-SISMATE e-Peru).
I-Spain ne-ES-Alert: isimo nokusebenza
ESpain, ukuthunyelwa kwe-ES-Alert kuhilela ukubambisana phakathi koMnyango Wezangaphakathi, i-Directorate General of Civil Protection, i-112 Emergency Services, kanye nabasebenzi beselula. Uhlelo seluvele lusesigabeni sokuhlola sangempela futhi luzokwandiswa kancane kancane ukuze lumboze lonke izwe, kufaka phakathi izindawo zasemakhaya, izindawo zezimboni kanye nezindawo ezibalulekile.
Eminye imininingwane ethile ye-ES-Alert:
- Isexwayiso sitholwa kuwo wonke amafoni aphathwayo acushiwe nabuyekeziwe, abonisa umlayezo ogcwele esikrinini futhi edinga ukuqashelwa ukuze kuvulwe idivayisi.
- E-Spain, izivivinyo zimenyezelwa kusengaphambili ngabezindaba nezinkundla zokuxhumana ukugwema i-alamu noma ukwethuka okungadingekile.
- Ukusakaza akuhlanganisi izindleko kumsebenzisi noma kubasebenzisi. Umgomo uwukuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu baziswa ngokugcwele, ngisho noma bevakashele izwe.
- Izaziso ngokuvamile zigcinelwe izingozi zangempela nezibucayi, nakuba ukuzivivinya ngezikhathi ezithile kuhlelwa ukugcina uhlelo lusebenza futhi luqeqeshe umphakathi.
Uhlelo luhambisana ngokuqinile nokuvikelwa kwedatha: ulwazi olufanele kuphela ifoni exhunywe ngesikhathi sokusakazwa, ngaphandle kwezinombolo zokurekhoda noma izindawo eziqondile kunoma iyiphi i-database engasebenzi.
Okugqamile kwezobuchwepheshe: amashaneli, amafomethi nokusayina
Ukusakaza Ngeselula kusebenzisa iziteshi ezithile (ngokuvamile ebangeni elingu-4370 kuya ku-4399) ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezixwayiso eziphuthumayo zendawo, imiyalezo yolwazi, izivivinyo, kanye nemiyalezo ngezinye izilimi. Lokhu kuvumela ukuhlelwa kwezixwayiso futhi kugwema ukudideka phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zemiyalezo.
Imilayezo ivela ngefomethi ye-pop-up eyenzelwe uhlobo ngalunye lwesexwayiso, enezihloko ezicacile futhi, kwezinye izimo, imiyalezo yezilimi eziningi evumelaniswe nezilungiselelo zolimi zedivayisi. Iphethini yomsindo nokudlidliza ijwayelekile ukuze kube lula ukuqashelwa kwesexwayiso ngokushesha, ngisho nakubantu abanenkinga yokuzwa noma yokubona.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nokusakaza Kweselula
- Ingabe ngidinga ukulanda uhlelo lokusebenza? Cha, vele ube ngaphakathi kwekhava yeselula ngetheminali ebuyekeziwe.
- Ngingakwazi ukuvala izexwayiso? Kwamanye amamodeli, yebo, nakuba kunganconywa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziphathimandla zingaphoqelela ukwamukelwa ezimweni eziningi.
- Kwenzekani uma ngithola isexwayiso? Funda ngokucophelela, uxwayise abaseduze kwakho, bese ulandela imiyalelo. Isexwayiso ngokuvamile sizokutshela ukuthi ukuhlolwa noma isimo esiphuthumayo sangempela.
- Kwenzekani kubantu abanezinkinga zezinzwa? Isistimu yakhelwe ukuthi ihlanganise konke ngangokunokwenzeka, ifake umsindo, ukudlidliza, futhi, kwamanye amamodeli, ukufundwa komlayezo okuzenzakalelayo.
Ukusetshenziswa e-Latin America: icala le-SISMATE ePeru
EPeru, i-SISMATE (Uhlelo Lokuthumela Imiyalezo Ephuthumayo) imelela enye yamamodeli athuthuke kakhulu okuhlanganiswa phakathi kokusakaza ngeselula kanye ne-SMS. Zonke iziteshi ezithengiswayo noma ezingeniswe ezweni kumele zisekele umsebenzi wokusakaza ngeselula, futhi opharetha banesibopho esisemthethweni sokuqinisekisa lokhu, njengoba kuchazwe uMnyango Wezokuthutha Nokuxhumana.
I-SISMATE isebenzisa inkundla yesixwayiso ehlakaniphile, exhunywe Isikhungo Sokusakaza Seselula kanye nesizindalwazi seziteshi eziyisisekelo namatheminali. Ngale ndlela, lapho i-INDECI (Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sezokuvikela Zomphakathi) ikhipha isexwayiso, sisakazwa nge-Cell Broadcast futhi, ngokufana, nge-SMS yalabo abangenawo itheminali ehambisanayo.
Amaphethini omsindo, ukudlidliza, kanye nefomethi yemiyalezo kujwayelekile ngokuphelele , ukuze noma ubani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imodeli yakhe yeselula injani, akwazi ukubona ngaphandle kokungabaza ukuthi kuyisimo esiphuthumayo esingathi sÃna.
